一、繁殖方法
1、JIAJIE
SHIYONGYINIANSHENGDEPUTONGNVZHENZUOWEIZHENMU,LIYONGQIEJIEDEFANGFA,XUANZECHUNJIJINXINGQIEJIE;YUXIAJIJINXINGQIANCHA,SHIJIANZUIHAOXUANZAI7YUEDESHANGXUN。XUANZETUZHISHUSONG、JUYOUYOULIANGPAISHUIGONGNENGDETUDIZUOWEIMIAOCHUANG,JIANGNVZHENZHENMUQIANCHAYUMIAOCHUANGZHIZHONG;DUIQIEJIEHAODENVZHENZHENMUJINXINGNAIYISUANYAOWUJINPAOSHIYAN,ZAICIQIANCHAJINYENVZHENSHUZHONG。YONGGAOMENGSUANJIA0.1%RONGYEDUICHACHUANGQUANMIANXIAODU,BINGJIANGQIEJIEZHIHOUDEZHENMUCHARUTURANGNEI,MEIGEZHENMUBAOLIU5GEJIEJIANZUOYOU。
2、播种
金叶女贞的繁殖除嫁接方法外,还有播种繁殖的方法。取金叶女贞的成熟果实(呈黑紫色),在装满水的容器中浸泡24小时,然后捞出,将果实上的果肉搓去洗净,将筛出的净种置入装有潮湿细沙的花盆中,在通风良好并背光的室内或室外对净种进行低温处理,放置至次年春季再移入苗圃内进行催芽处理,在种子即将发芽萌动时将种子移出,置于盆钵之内,仔细观察种子抽芽后的状态。金叶女贞幼苗的叶片呈两种颜色,一种为黄绿色,一种为翠绿色,为保障金叶女贞树种的优质性,排除翠绿色叶片幼苗,保留黄绿色叶片幼苗。幼苗长到7月,需要定期为其喷水以保障叶片和土壤的湿润,同时,还要避免金叶女贞幼苗的苗床出现积水,若出现积水要立即排出。在此期间需要注意的是,金叶女贞幼苗需要进行遮荫处理,同时,定期给予光照,保证光合作用的有效进行。另外,在秋季之后,要注意苗圃内的温度,防止金叶女贞幼苗受寒受冻。
3、QIANCHA
QIANCHASHIJIZHIYAOXUANYONGCUSHATU,TIQIANYONG0.5%GAOMENGSUANJIAYEXIAODU1TIAN。QIANCHAFANZHIYIBAN XUANYONG2NIANSHENGDEJINYENVZHENXINSHAO,CAIYONGJUYOUMUZHIHUADEBUFENJIANCHENG12LIMIZHANGDECHATIAO,BINGJIANGXIABUYEPIANJIANDIAO,SHANGBULIU2-3PIANYEJIKE,SHANGJIANKOUJUSHANGYAYUE1LIMICHUYAOPINGJIAN,XIAJIANKOUYAOZAIYABEIXIEJIANCHENGMATIXING,BINGZAIQIEKOUCHUZHANQUCAOMUHUI。QIANCHAQIANKEYONGBICHATIAOLVECUDEXIAOMUGUNDAKONG,QIANCHAHOUYAOYASHI。QIANCHAHOUYONGQINGSHUIPENTOUHOUFUGAISULIAOBOMO,BINGYONGTUYAYAN,PENSHUIBAOSHI,YONGWEILIANDENGZHEYANGCHULI。ZAICHATIAOSHENGGENQIANMEITIANPENSHUI2CI,YONGYIJIANGWENBAOSHI,FANZHIPENGNEIWENDUBAOCHIZAI20-25℃,XIANGDUISHIDUYINGWEICHIZAI90%YISHANG。MEITIANZHONGWUJINXINGTONGFENGHUANQI,FANGZHIZHIZHUTUZHANG。
XIAJIWEIFANGZHICHATIAOFULAN,QIANCHAHOU3TIANKEPENSHIDUOJUNLING800-1000BEIYEYIJUN,8-10TIANHOUZAIPEN1CIDUOJUNLINGYAOYE。ZAO、WANKEGENJUTIANQIQINGKUANGJIEQUHUOFUGAISULIAOMO,ZHONGWUYAOYONGWEILIANJINXINGZHEYANGCHULI,ERQIEYAODUOPENSHUI,3TIANHOUKEQUANBUJIECHUFUGAIWU。LIANMIAO4-5TIANHOUKEZAIYINTIANHUOBANGWANSHIJINXINGYIZAI,ZAIHOUYAOJIAOYICITOUSHUI,CHENGHUOLVYIBANKEDA95%YISHANG,DONGJIXUZHAOXIAOGONGPENGJINXINGBAOWENYUEDONG。QIANCHADECHENGHUOLVYUQIANCHADEJIZHI、CHASUIMUZHIHUACHENGDUJIQIANCHADESHIJIANYOUJIAODAGUANXI。QIANCHAJIZHIYONGCUSHATUBIYONGXISHATUSHENGGENLVGAO,CHASUIMUZHIHUADEBIBANMUZHIHUADESHENGGENLVGAO,XIAJIQIANCHABIQIUJIQIANCHASHENGGENLVGAO。
4、分株
FENZHUFANZHIKEZAI4YUEZHONGXUNJINXING。FENZHUFANZHIFANGFAXUANZE2NIANSHENGDEJIANZHUANGZHIZHU,WACHUZHIZHUHOUXUANZEWUBINGCHONGDEGEN, QIECHENG6-9LIMIZHANGDEDUAN,BANRUSHILIANGCAOMUHUI,ANXING、ZHUJU30LIMIKAI5-7LIMISHENDEXUE,MEIXUEKEPINGFANG1GEGENDUAN,FUTUBINGYASHIYILISHENGGENFAYA,SHISHIJINXINGJIAOSHUIBAOSHI。
YATIAOFANZHITONGCHANGXUANZEZAI6YUESHANGXUNJINXINGYATIAOFANZHI。 FANGFA:JIANGZHIZHUXIABUZHITIAOYARUTUZHONG,ZHUYIMAIRUTUZHONGDEZHITIAOYAOYONGDAOGESHANGBIAOPICENG,BIANYUZHIZHUCHANSHENGYUSHANGZUZHI, YICUJINQISHENGGEN,CINIANZAOCHUNJIKEJINXINGYIZAI。
ER、ZAIPEIJISHU
YIZAIBUMIAO:DAIMIAOGAO15-20LIMISHIANZHUJU5-10LIMIDINGMIAO。JINYENVZHENZHUGAODA20LIMIZUOYOUSHIJIKEYIZAI。JIEHEZHIZHUDINGMIAO,JIANGQUEMIAOCHUJISHIBUQI。
GUANGAIPAISHUI:JINYENVZHENYOUMIAONAIHAN,YANZHONGGANHANSHIKESHIDANGJIAOSHUI, DANJIAOSHUIYAOSHAO,YIMIANYINQIXIAOMIAOTUZHANG,YINGXIANGZHIZHUDESHENGZHANGFAYU。HUAQIYEYAOSHIDANGJIAOSHUI,YIFANGZHISHUIFENBUZUERCHANSHENGLUOHUAXIANXIANG。YUJIYAOZHUYIJISHIPAISHUI,FANGZHIJISHUILANGEN。
SAN、BINGCHONGFANGZHI
JINYENVZHENCHANGFASHENGDEBINGHAIZHUYAOYOU:YEBANBING、LUNWENBING、MEIWUBINGDENG。CHONGHAIZHUYAOYOU:JIEQIAOCHONG、QICAODENG。
1、BINGHAI
HEBANBING
WEIHAIZHENGZHUANG:HEBANBINGSHINVZHENZUIYANZHONGDEYEBANLEIBINGHAI,SHIBINGYUANZHENJUNYINQIDE。FABINGCHUQIYEPIANCHUXIANHESEXIAOBAN,ZHOUWEIYOUZIHONGSEYUNQUAN,BANSHANGKEJIANHEISEMEIZHUANGWU。SUIZHEQIWENDESHANGSHENG,YOUSHISHUGEBINGBANXIANGLIAN,ZUIHOUYEPIANJIAOKUTUOLUO。GAIBINGYUANJUNSHENGZHANGZUISHIYIDEWENDUFANWEIWEI25℃ZHI30℃,BAOZIMENGFASHIWEN18℃ZHI27℃,ZAIWENDUHESHIQIESHIDUDADEQINGKUANGXIA,BAOZIJIXIAOSHIJIKEMENGFA。JINRUYUJIHOU,RUYOUZHIZHUZAIZHIMI,TONGFENGTOUGUANGCHA,ZHUJIANXINGCHENGLEYIGEXIANGDUIWENDINGDEGAOSHI、WENDUSHIYIDEHUANJING,DUIBINGJUNBAOZIDEMENGFAHEQINRUFEICHANGYOULI,QIEBINGJUNKEFANFUQINRAN,BUJIAYIZHONGSHI,KENENGHUISHIBINGHAIDAMIANJIFASHENG。
FANGZHIFANGFA:FABINGSHIYEPIANDALIANGTUOLUO,YANZHONGYINGXIANGJINGGUAN。KEPENDUOJUNLING1000BEIYEHUOYISHENG1200BEIYE。
MEIWUBING
WEIHAIZHENGZHUANG:MEIWUBINGDEFASHENGZHUYAOSHIYOUYUSHOUJIECHONGDEWEIHAIHOUFENMIWUERYOUFACHANSHENG。SHOUWEIHAIHOUZHIZHU、YEPIAN、ZHIGANBUMANHEISEMEICHENZHUANGWU,YEPIANGUANGHEZUOYONGSHOUDAOYIZHI,BINGQIEZHI、GAN、YEPIANZHENGZHUJUNYOUWEIHAI。
FANGZHIFANGFA:YINGCAIYONGBINGCHONGJIANZHI,PEN50%TUIJUNTEKESHIXINGFENJI600BEIJIA40%YANGHUALEGUORUYOU800BEIHUNHEFANGZHI。
2、虫害
KANGSHIFENJIE
WEIHAIZHENGZHUANG:YOUMINGSANGFENJIE。CICHENGCHONGTIZHANGYUE5HAOMI,KUANYUE3HAOMI,TIBIANTUOYUANXING,FENHONGSE,TIBIAOBEIYOUBAISELAFEN;RUOCHONGTUOYUANXING,BIANPING,DANHUANGSE,TIBIAOYEFUBAISELAFEN;LUANTUOYUANXING,DANHUANGSE,LUANNANGBAISEMIANXUZHUANG。SHUSHILIJIZHONGCHENGKUAI。YINIANSHENG3DAI,DIYIDAIRUOCHONGSHENGFAQI5YUEZHONGXIAXUN,DIERDAISHENGFAQI7YUEZHONGXIAXUN,DISANDAISHENGFAQI8YUEXIAXUNZHI9YUESHANGXUN。CIXIZHIWUZHIYE,ZAOCHENGZHIYESHISHUIWEINIAN,YANZHONGSHIZHENGZHUWEISUOKUSI。HAIKEYOUFAMEIWUBING。
FANGZHIFANGFA:QIU、DONGJIQINGSAOKUZHI、LUOYEJIZHONGSHAOHUI,SHASIQIZHONGDEYUEDONGLUANHUOCICHONG。ZAILUANFUHUASHENGQIHUOYILINGRUOCHONGQIJINXINGYAOWUFANGZHIXIAOGUOHAO,SUPUSHAHUODUSIPI1000ZHI1500BEIYEMEIGE5ZHI7TIANPENSAYICI,LIANXUYONGYAO2ZHI3CI,JIUNENGJIANGQIQUANBUCHANCHU。PENYAOSHIZHUYIQUANZHUPENSA(MEICIDAYAOSHIBUNENGZHIPENYEMIAN,YAOBAYAOQIANGCHUANGUOBIAOCENGYEDAZAIZHIGANSHANG),ZHEIYANGCAINENGDADAOLIANGHAODEFANGZHIXIAOGUO。
QICAO
WEIHAIZHENGZHUANG:QICAOWEIHAIDINGZHIERNIANYISHANGJINYENVZHENMIAOMUDEGENXI,YAOSHIMAOXIGENJIZHUGENBIAOPI,YIZHIGENXIHUAISIFULAN,YOUSHIZAOCHENGZHIZHUJINSHENGBIAOCENGMAOXIGEN,XISHUINENGLICHA。GENXISHOUSUNHOU,YIDANYUDAOGAOWENTIANQI,ZHENGKEZHIZHUWEINIAN,YANZHONGSHIHUIGANKUSIWANG。
FANGZHIFANGFA:WEIHAIQIJIANYONGDUERYOUSHA,KEYONGXINLIULIN0.5QIANKE,JIASHUI0.5QIANKEYU15QIANKEZHUBANSHUDEZHONGZIDENGERLIAOHUNHE,ZAIWEIHAIQIYEJIANJUNYUNSAZAIMIAOCHUANGSHANG。HUO1000BEIXINLIULINGUANGEN,XINLIULINGUANGJIEZUOYONGJIAOQIANG,YIZAIYEJIANSHIYONGHUOMAIRUTURANGZHONG。
SI、ZHUYAOJIAZHI
XIAJIKAIHUA,HUADUOWEIBAISEXIAOHUA,CHENGTUANZHUANG,YOUDANXIANG,HUAXINGYOUMEI,JUYOUJIGAODEGUANSHANGXING。BUGUANGSECAIMEILI,ERQIEJINYENVZHENSHUZHONGDESHIYINGLIJIQIANG,YANGGUANGYUECHONGZU,QIYEPIANDEYANSEHEGUANGZEJIUYUEFAXIANLIANG,JIQIANPIANYILVDELVSEXIARIDAILAIYISIQINGLIANG。JINYENVZHENKEYIZUOWEISEYELVLI,YEKECONGZHI,KESUXINGJIGAO,NENGZUIDACHENGDUDIMANZUYUANLINXIUJIANDEXUQIU,QIEKEYIDUOZHONGYEPIANYANSEDAPEIZUHE,WEIYUANLINYISHUZENGSE。JINYENVZHENSHUZHONGBUJINJINKEYICONGZHI,HAIKEYUQITASHUZHONGGONGTONGZAIZHONG,YIMANZUYUANLINHUNSEDEHEXIEGAN。YOUYUJINYENVZHENDEFENGGEDUTE,QIEJINYENVZHENNAIRENAIHAN,CUNHUOLVJIGAO,SHENGMINGLIWANQIANG,BUJINNENGGOUZAIZHONGZAICHENGSHILVHUADAIZHIZHONG,HAIKEYIZAIZHONGZAIGONGYUAN、YOULEYUANZHINEI,KEYIJIANGJINYENVZHENYUQITASHUMUDAPEIZAIZHI,GENJUPEISEDEFANGANJIANGHUANGSEYEPIANYUHONGSEYEPIANHELVSEYEPIANQIAOMIAODAPEI。