冬青球的叶薄革质,狭长椭圆形或披针形,顶端渐尖,基部楔形,边缘有浅圆锯齿,干后呈红褐色,有光泽。花瓣紫红色或淡紫色,向外反卷。果实椭圆形或近球形,成熟时深红色。冬青的生长高度可达2-25米,分为乔木和灌木两种类型。在国内主要分布于长江流域以南各省区,树皮灰色或淡灰色,有纵沟,小枝淡绿色,无毛,当年生小枝呈浅灰色,圆柱形,具有细棱,二至多年生枝具不明显的小皮孔,叶痕新月形,凸起。花序为聚伞花序或伞形花序,单生于当年生枝条的叶腋内或簇生于2年生枝条的叶腋内,稀单花腋生;花小,白色、粉红色或红色,辐射对称,异基数,常由于败育而呈单性,雌雄异株。花粉粒为长球形、球形或扁球形;极面观为三角圆形、三裂圆形、近三角形、圆形或近圆形,赤道面观为宽卵形、卵形、长卵形、椭圆形、近圆形或卵圆形,具三孔沟。花粉粒外壁表面纹饰主要为棒状、小蘑菇状、鼓槌状、短鼓槌状、瘤状、小颗粒状和几个纹饰分子连在一起形成不规则水渍状,通常1种花粉的纹饰或多或少为以上2-3种纹饰分子之混合,而以一种占优势。
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CIHUA:HUAXUJU1-2HUIFENZHI,JUHUA3-7DUO,ZONGHUAGENGZHANGYUE3-10HAOMI,BIAN,ERJIZHOUFAYUBUHAO;HUAGENGZHANG6-10HAOMI;HUAEHEHUABANTONGXIONGHUA,TUIHUAXIONGRUIZHANGYUEWEIHUABANDE1/2,BAIYUHUAYAOXINXING;ZIFANGLUANQIUXING,ZHUTOUJUBUMINGXIANDE4-5LIE,HOUPANXING。GUOZHANGQIUXING,CHENGSHUSHIHONGSE,ZHANG10-12HAOMI,ZHIJING6-8HAOMI;FENHE4-5,XIAPIZHENXING,ZHANG9-11HAOMI,KUANYUE2.5HAOMI,BEIMIANPINGHUA,AOXING,DUANMIANCHENGSANLENGXING,NEIGUOPIHOUGEZHI。HUAQI4-6YUE,GUOQI7-12YUE。