一、形态特征

JINSICHUILIUWEILUOYEQIAOMU，YEJIAOJINSILIU、HUANGJINLIU、HUANGLIU，YEPIZHENXING，ZHITIAOXIACHUI，HUANGSE，SHUZIYOUMEI，ZHITIAOYANSEXIANYAN（XIAOZHISHENGZHANGJIJIECHENGHUANGLVSE，XIUMIANJIJIECHENGJINHUANGSE）、KANGBINGXINGQIANG、QIEQUANBUWEIXIONGZHU，CHUNJIBUFEIXU，WUHUANJINGWURAN。FAYAZAO，LUOYECHI，NIANSHENGZHANGQIZHANG；NAISHUIXINGQIANG，DUANQISHUIYANMEIDINGBUZHISIWANG；XIGUANG，BUNAIYIN；JIAONAIHAN，XIWENNUANSHIRUNQIHOUHESHIRUN、SHENHOUDETURANG，DANDUITURANGSHIYINGXINGJIAOQIANG，NAISHUISHI，ZAIHEBIANSHENGZHANGYOUHAO；ZAITUCENGSHENHOU、DISHIGAOZAODEDIQUYENENGZHENGCHANGSHENGZHANG，MENGYALIQIANG，SHENGZHANGXUNSU。JINSICHUILIUKEZUODONGJIGUANZHIGANSHUZHONG，WEIYOULIANGDEYUANLINLVHUASHUZHONG，SHIYINGXINGQIANG，SHIZHIYUHEAN、HUBIAN、CHIPAN，SHIZHONGYAODETINGYUANGUANSHANGSHUZHONG，YEKEZUOXINGDAOSHUHEHUBOGUDISHUZHONG。

二、繁育方法

JINSICHUILIUSHISUSHENGSHUZHONG，YANGLIUKE。GAISHUZHONGGENXIFADA、ZHIYEFANMAO、SHUXINGYOUMEI、XIGUANG、FAYAZAO、LUOYECHI、SHENGZHANGKUAI、CAIZHIHAO、SHIYINGXINGGUANG、KANGNIXINGQIANG、KANGHAN、NAIGAOWEN、ZAIJIDUANQIWENLINGXIA40DUHELINGSHANG45DUDIDAIKEZHENGCHANGSHENGZHANG，KANGHAN、NAISHUISHI、DUANQISHUIYANMEIDINGBUZHISIWANG，GENJUTADESHENGWUXUEHESHENGTAIXUETEZHENG，YIZAIZAIDIWASHIDI、SHUIKU、CHITANGZHOUWEI，JIANGHE、GOUQUJIJIEDAOLIANGPANGHEGONGGONGLVDI、TINGYUANZHIZHONG。SHIFANGFENGGUSHA、SHUITUBAOCHIDESHOUXUANSHUZHONG，YESHIZHILIZHANGJIANG、HUANGHEJIFANGSHACHENBAODEHAOSHUZHONG。(SHIHEZAISHANXIZHONGZHI)JINSILIUDEZHONGZHIHEYANGHUJISHURUXIA：

2YUEXIAXUNZHI3YUESHANGXUNQIANCHA，YIZAOBUYICHI。QUSHENGZHANGJIANZHUANGDE1NIANSHENGMIAO，YONGLIDAOJIECHENG10-12LIMIZHANGDECHATIAO，FENJIKUNBANG，50ZHIYIKUN，PAIFANGJIAZHIZAIYINLIANGDEDIFANG，YIFANGCHATIAOSHISHUI，YINGXIANGCHENGHUOLV。AN30× 50LIMIDEZHUXINGJUQIANCHA，MEIMUYUE4500ZHU。KAIHAOGOUXI，YIBIANKANGHANPAILAO。

1、GUANSHUIYASHI

CHATIAOMENGYAQIANGUANYICIDASHUI，RANHOUYONGJIAOBACHATIAOZHOUWEIDETUCAISHI，ZHEIYANGYOULIYUMENGYA，TIGAOCHENGHUOLV。

2、MOYAZHENGZHI

MENGYAHOU，DAIYAZHANGZHI10-15LIMISHI，XUANLIU1GEJIANZHUANGDEZHITIAOPEIYUWEIZHUGAN，QIYUDEQUANBUMODIAO。YIHOUDINGQIMOYA。JISHIJIANCHUCEZHI，YIJIANSHAOYANGFENXIAOHAO，JIAKUAIZHUGANXINGCHENG。

3、SHIFEIYONGGEN

4YUEZHONGXUN，CHATIAOYOUGENXINGCHENGHOUZHUISHIYICIFEILIAO，MEIMUYONGNIAOSU10GONGJINCHENYINYUTIANSASHI。 JIEHESHIFEICHUCAO，PEITUYONGGEN。YIHOUMEI40TIANSHIYICINIAOSUHUOFUHEFEI，SHENGZHANGQIANQIYIDANFEIWEIZHU，HOUQIYILINJIAFEIWEIZHU。

5、KANGHANPAILAO

4-5YUEFENMIAOMUSHENGZHANGWANGJI，SHIDANGGUANSHUI。MEIYUJIJIEPAILAOJIANGZI，FANGZHIOUGEN。

三、育苗技术

1、CHATIAOCAIJIYUCHULI

CHATIAOCAIJIYAOXUANZEMUZHIHUACHENGDUHAO、WUBINGCHONGHAIDEYOUZHIZHUANGTIAO，YIBANYINGYONG1NIANSHENGQIANCHAMIAOGANWEIYI。SHENGZHANGJIANZHUANG、FAYUJIAOHAODECEZHUANGZHIHUOYOUSHUSHANGDEZHUANGTIAOYEKECAIYONG，CUDUYI0.8-1.5cmWEIYI。QIUJILUOYEHOU（DAYUEZAI11YUEZHONGXIAXUN）CAIQU1NIANSHENGQIANCHAMIAO，MIAOGANKEZHENGZHUJIAZHIYUKUAN90cmSHEN60cmDEJIAZHIGOUZHONG，LAINIANCHUNJIWACHUJIANCHENG10-15cmDECHATIAO，MEIGENZUISHAOBAOZHENGYOU3GEYA，DINGDUANDIYIYAJUJIANQIECHU1cmJINXINGQIANCHA；HUOJIANGMIAOGANZHIJIEJIANCHENG10-15cmDECHATIAO，30GENHUO50GENYIKUNJINXINGSHAZANG。SHAZANGGOUSHEN80-100cm，KUAN100cm,GOUDIPU10cmHESHA，JIANGCHENGKUNDECHATIAOTOUXIANGSHANGSHULIPAIFANGYUGOUZHONG。YICENGCHATIAOYICENGSHAZI，SHAZIHANSHUILIANG60%。GOUSHANGFUGAICAOLIANFANGHAN。DI2NIANCHUNJIQUCHUQIANCHA。CHUNJICAIJIMUZHIHUACHENGDUJIAOHAO、JIAOCHONGSHIDECEZHIJIANCHENG10-15cmZHANGDECHATIAO，ZAISHUIZHONGPAO1-2TIAN，QIANCHAYUYUMIAODIHUOYINGYANGBOZHONG，FANGYUDAPENGNEIYUMIAO，DENGSHENGHAOGENHOUZAIYIZAIDATIAN。

2、ZUOQIQIANCHA

YUMIAODIYINGXUANZEDISHIPINGTAN、PAIGUANFANGBIAN、RIZHAOCHONGZU、TUCENGSHENHOUFEIWO、SHUSONGDESHATUHUORANGTU。pHZHIZAI6.5-7.5ZHIJIAN，HANYANLIANGBUGAOYU0.2%DEPIANJIANHUOPIANSUANTURANGJUNKE，DANJIZHONGYANJIAN、BOTUCENGHEZHANZHONGTURANG。MEIMUSHIYOUJIFEI3LIFANGMIFUHEFEI40-50kg,BINGSHIRU1.6kgDEXINLIULIN1-1.5kg,YIFANGDIXIAHAICHONG。SHENGENG20cm-30cm,XIPAZHENGPINGSHAOJIAZHENYAHOUZUOQIKAIGOU，GOUSHEN10-15cm,YIKANGHANFANGLAO。ZUOCHENG2mKUANDEQI，QIMIANYIDINGYAOZHENGPING，FOUZEGAOCHUMIAOMUXISHUIBUZUYINGXIANGCHENGHUOLV。YOUTIAOJIANDEJIANGJIANHAODECHATIAOZAISHUIZHONGPAO1-2TIAN，ANZHUXINGJU35cm×60cmJINXINGQIANCHA，MEIMUCHATIAO3500-4000GENZUISHIYI，ZHEIYIQIANCHAMIDUKECHONGFENFAHUIZUIJIADEJINGJIXIAOYI，BAOZHENGMIAOMUSHULIANGHEZHILIANG。RUGENGDIJIAOYINGKEYONGMUGUNHUOCHAZIKAIFENGRANHOUQIANCHA。QIANCHASHISHAOZAISHANG，SHUNQIWEIXIECHARUTUZHONG，CHATIAORUTUYIDIYIYASILUBULUWEIZHUN，ZHUYIBUYAOJIANGCHATIAOSHANGXIADIANDAO。QIANCHAHOUMEIGENCHATIAODOUYAOJIAODAOSHUI，YONGJIAOJIANGCHATIAOZHOUWEIDETUCAISHI，YICUJINCHATIAOSHENGGENFAYATIGAOCHENGMIAOLV。CHUNCHAYIBANZAI3-4YUEYAMENGFAQIANJINXING。QIUJIQIANCHAHOUFUTU6-10cm,YIBAOZHENGCHATIAOANQUANYUEDONG，YICHUNFAYAQIANJIANGFUTUBAOKAI。

四、插后管理

1、CHAHOUSHUIFENGUANLI

JINSILIUSHUXINGXISHIRUN，YAOPEIYUZHUANGMIAOYIDINGYAOBAOZHENGSHUIFENGONGYING。CONGQIANCHADAOSHENGGENZUIGUANJIANDEGUANLISHIJIAOSHUI，SHICHATIAOYOUCHONGZUDESHUIFENXISHOU，JUTIZUOFASHI：CHAHOUMASHANGJIAOTOUSHUI，7TIANHOUJIAODI2CISHUI，10TIANHOUJIAODI3CISHUI，YIHOUSHITURANGSHANGQINGJISHIJIAOSHUI。TEBIESHIZAIJINSILIUSHUSHENGGENQI（3-4YUE）JISHENGZHANGWANGSHENGQI（6-8YUE）YAOBAOCHITIANJIANZUIDACHISHUILIANGWEI70%-80%，GUANSHUIJIYUHOUYAOJISHISONGTUCHUCAO，FANGZHITURANGBANJIE，YILIYUCHATIAODESHENGGENHEMENGTIAO。WEIFANGZHIRIGUANGZHISHEMIAOCHUANGSHANGBUYAODAZHEYINWANGJISHIPENSHUI。MEITIANCONGZAO7SHIZHIWAN7SHIPENSHUIYAOZUODAOSHAOLIANGDUOCI，YEMIANMEIYOUSHUIDISHIJIPEN。YUGUAFENGTIANSHUIFENZHENGFAKUAIHAIYAOJIAPENJICI。ZHEIYANGDAYUE1YUEZUOYOUJIKESHENGHAOGEN，CISHIYAOZHUJIANJIANSHAOPENSHUICISHU，1ZHOUHOUCHEQUZHEYINWANGJINXINGLIANMIAO。BANGEYUEZUOYOUBIANKEZAIWANGDATIAN。 

2、CHAHOUSHIFEI

QIANCHAQIANJIEHEZHENGDISHIZUJIFEIYIHOU，ZAIMIAOMUSHENGZHANGDEBUTONGJIEDUANJIEHEJIAOSHUIBAOANSHIHUAFEI。YIBANZAI6YUESHANGXUNDI1CISHIFEI，YIMEIMU10kgWEIYI，7YUESHANGXUNDI2CISHIFEI，MEIMU15kg，8YUESHANGXUNDI3CISHIFEI，MEIMUSHIFEI15kg。MIAOMUSHENGZHANGQIANQIYISHIDANFEINIAOSUWEIZHU，HOUQISHISHILIANGLIN、JIAFEIYICUJINMIAOMUMUZHIHUAXINGCHENG。MIAOGAO1mSHIKEYEMIANPENFEI，PENFEILIANGMEI15kgSHUIDUI0.1kgNIAOSU，MEIGE15TIANYEMIANPENFEI1CI，LIANXUPEN2-3CI，8YUEXIAXUNYIHOUTINGZHISHIFEI，CUJINZHITIAOMUZHIHUAFANGZHIDONGJISHOUDONGHAI。

3、DACHA

ZAIXINSHAOZHANGDAO20-30cmSHIJINXINGCHUCIDACHA，JIANQUDUOYUDEMENGTIAO。WEIFANGZHIJIXIESUNSHANGHUOCHONGYAOZAOCHENGFEIMIAO，DUOLIUXIEYEZIJINXINGGUANGHEZUOYONG，ZHIZAOYANGFENCUJINGENXIDEFAYU，BUYAOYIKAISHIJIUZHILIUYIGENZHITIAO。MIAOGAO80-100cmSHIJINXINGDI2CIDACHA，ZHUYIZHIJIANQUGANGAO1/3YIXIADECEZHI，DUIYINGXIANGZHUGANSHENGZHANGDECHATOUYAOJIANDIAO，GUOCUDECEZHIYAODUANJIE。MIAOGAO1.5mSHIJINXINGDI3CIDACHAZHUYISHIXIANGTONGDI2CIDACHA。

4、ZHONGGENGCHUCAO

ZHUYIJISHIZHONGGENGCHUCAO，TEBIEZAIMIAOGAO50cmZHIQIANYOUMIAOSHENGZHANGQIJIANJISHICHUDISONGTUBAOSHANG，JIANGCHUDIAODECAOQINGLICHUMIAODIFANGZHIZHANTUFUSHENG。

五、种植要领

JINSICHUILIUSHIYIGEXINXINGHUANBAOSHUZHONG，JUYOUBUFEIMAO、NIANSHENGZHANGLIANGDA、YUMIAOZHOUQIDUAN、ZHUGANWUBAJIEDENGTEXING。QIUTIAN，XINSHAO、ZHUGANZHUJIANBIANHUANG，DONGJITONGTIJINHUANGSE。TAGENXIFADA，KANGHAN、KANGHAN、NAIYANJIAN。KANGBINGNENGLIQIANG，FAYAKUAI。QIANCHAFANZHI，DANGNIANKEZHANGZHI3-4MIGAO，ZHIJINGDA2.5-3LIMI，SHIPUTONGLIUSHUDE3BEIDUO。RUCAIYONGQIUCHA（11YUESHANGXUN），CHENGHUOLVKEDA99%，CHUNCHACHENGHUOLVJIAODI，ZAOLINJIJIEYEYIQIUZAIWEIZUIJIA。

YUMIAOQIANCHAQIAN，TURANGXUANGENGDASUI，ZHENGDIZUOPINGQI，YILIGUANGAI。GENJUTURANGFEILI，SHIYONGSHILIANGDIFEI，RUFUSHUDECHUQINFENDENG，FENYUTUPAYUN。CHASUIJIECHENGZHANG13-14LIMI，ZHUXINGJU0.25*0.65MI，MUZAI3110ZHU，QIANCHAHOUJIAOTOUSHUI，JIAOSHUIHOUDETUDIYINGGAOYUCHASUIDINGDUAN0.5LIMI。

QIANCHAHOUXUJIAQIANGGUANLI。TURANGFENGDONGHOU，YONGDIBIAOSUTUJIANGTUFENGMIHE。ZAOCHUNTURANGJIEDONGSHI，JIAOJIEDONGSHUI。MENGYAHOU，ZAIZHANGDAO10LIMISHIMOYA，XUAN1GEZHUANGYADINGMIAO。XINSHAOZHANGZHI30LIMIZUOYOUSHI，MUZHUISHINIAOSU20-30GONGJIN。ZHANGZHI100LIMISHI，MUSHINIAOSU30-50GONGJIN，KECHANXIESUXIAOLINFEI；YIHOUGENJUSHENGZHANGQINGKUANG，ZHUISHISUXIAOFEISHUCI。QUANNIANFEN3-4CIQUCHUFUSHAO：ZAIZHANGDAO80LIMISHI，SHUCHU20-30LIMIDEFUSHAO；ZHANGDAO150-160LIMISHISHUCHU50-60LIMIDEFUSHAO；ZHANGDAO240-270LIMISHISHUCHU120-140LIMIFUSHAO；ZHANGDAO350-400LIMISHISHUCHU200-250LIMIFUSHAO。FUSHAOYONGJIANZICONGJIBUJIANCHU，ZHEIYANGYOULISHUTITONGZHISHENGZHANG。

六、主要价值

JINSILIUSHICHENGXIANGLVHUA、MEIHUAHUANJINGDEYOULIANGSHUZHONGZHIYI。ZHITIAOPANQU，TEBIESHIHEDONGJIYUANLINGUANJING，YESHIHEZHONGZHIZAILVDIHUODAOLULIANGPANG。YEPIANHEZHIGANJINGCHANGZAICHAHUAZHONGBEISHIYONG。YONGTUGUANGFAN，GAISHUZHONGSHIYONGYUGONGYEYUANLIAOLIN、DAJINGCAIZAIPEI、XINGDAOSHU、SIPANGZHISHU、YUANLINLVHUA、NONGTIANFANGHULINDELIXIANGSHUZHONG。